Hosea 10

Hosea condemns Israel as a luxuriant vine that multiplied fruit for themselves rather than YHWH, building altars and making false covenants with divided hearts, resulting in YHWH breaking down their altars and destroying their sacred pillars.[1][2] YHWH calls Israel to break up their fallow ground and sow righteousness to seek Him before judgment comes through foreign nations, warning that their trust in their own power and warriors will result in the destruction of their fortresses and the cutting off of their king.[1][2][3]

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Interlinear Text

Verse 1
a luxuriant vine grapevine emptying the one who empties Israel El-Contends Yiserael fruit fruit-yield he brings forth he makes equal for himself — according to the multitude according to abundance of his fruit to his fruit he multiplied he caused to multiply the altars to the sacrifice-places according to the goodness be good of his land to his land they made better they made good sacred pillars standing-stones of
גֶּ֤פֶן 𐤂𐤐𐤍 gefen a luxuriant vine grapevine HNcbsa בּוֹקֵק֙ 𐤁𐤅𐤒𐤒 boqeq emptying the one who empties HVqrmsa יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael Israel El-Contends Yiserael HNp פְּרִ֖י 𐤐𐤓𐤉 peri fruit fruit-yield HNcmsa יְשַׁוֶּה 𐤉𐤔𐤅𐤄 yeshaveh he brings forth he makes equal HVpi3ms לּ֑/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo for himself HR/Sp3ms כְּ/רֹ֣ב 𐤊/𐤓𐤁 kerov according to the multitude according to abundance HR/Ncbsa לְ/פִרְי֗/וֹ 𐤋/𐤐𐤓𐤉/𐤅 lefireyo of his fruit to his fruit HR/Ncmsc/Sp3ms הִרְבָּה֙ 𐤄𐤓𐤁𐤄 hirebah he multiplied he caused to multiply HVhp3ms לַֽ/מִּזְבְּח֔וֹת 𐤋/𐤌𐤆𐤁𐤇𐤅𐤕 lamizebechot the altars to the sacrifice-places HRd/Ncmpa כְּ/ט֣וֹב 𐤊/𐤈𐤅𐤁 ketov according to the goodness be good HR/Aamsa לְ/אַרְצ֔/וֹ 𐤋/𐤀𐤓𐤑/𐤅 learetso of his land to his land HR/Ncbsc/Sp3ms הֵיטִ֖יבוּ 𐤄𐤉𐤈𐤉𐤁𐤅 heytivu they made better they made good HVhp3cp מַצֵּבֽוֹת 𐤌𐤑𐤁𐤅𐤕 matsevot sacred pillars standing-stones of HNcfpa
Verse 5
for the calves to heifers of of Beth house-of Beyt Aven aven worthless wickedness Beyt Aven will fear they sojourn the inhabitants resident of of Samaria Watch-Place Shomeron for for/because mourned but indeed over it upon him its people his gathered people and its idolatrous priests and his foreign-cult priests over it upon him rejoice they whirl in exultation over upon its glory his weightiness for for/because has gone into exile he uncovered from it from us
לְ/עֶגְלוֹת֙ 𐤋/𐤏𐤂𐤋𐤅𐤕 leegelot for the calves to heifers of HR/Ncfpc בֵּ֣ית 𐤁𐤉𐤕 beyt of Beth house-of Beyt Aven HNp אָ֔וֶן 𐤀𐤅𐤍 aven aven worthless wickedness Beyt Aven HNp יָג֖וּרוּ 𐤉𐤂𐤅𐤓𐤅 yaguru will fear they sojourn HVqi3mp שְׁכַ֣ן 𐤔𐤊𐤍 shekhan the inhabitants resident of HAamsc שֹֽׁמְר֑וֹן 𐤔𐤌𐤓𐤅𐤍 shomeron of Samaria Watch-Place Shomeron HNp כִּי 𐤊𐤉 ki for for/because HC אָבַ֨ל 𐤀𐤁𐤋 aval mourned but indeed HVqp3ms עָלָ֜י/ו 𐤏𐤋𐤉/𐤅 alayv over it upon him HR/Sp3ms עַמּ֗/וֹ 𐤏𐤌/𐤅 amo its people his gathered people HNcmsc/Sp3ms וּ/כְמָרָי/ו֙ 𐤅/𐤊𐤌𐤓𐤉/𐤅 ukhemarayv and its idolatrous priests and his foreign-cult priests HC/Ncmpc/Sp3ms עָלָ֣י/ו 𐤏𐤋𐤉/𐤅 alayv-2 over it upon him HR/Sp3ms יָגִ֔ילוּ 𐤉𐤂𐤉𐤋𐤅 yagilu rejoice they whirl in exultation HVqi3mp עַל 𐤏𐤋 al over upon HR כְּבוֹד֖/וֹ 𐤊𐤁𐤅𐤃/𐤅 kevodo its glory his weightiness HNcbsc/Sp3ms כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki-2 for for/because HC גָלָ֥ה 𐤂𐤋𐤄 galah has gone into exile he uncovered HVqp3ms מִמֶּֽ/נּוּ 𐤌𐤌/𐤍𐤅 mimenu from it from us HR/Sp3ms
Verse 8
and they will be destroyed and they were annihilated high places elevated cult sites of Aven worthless wickedness the sin sin-offense of Israel El-Contends Yiserael thorns thorn and thistles thorn-bush will grow up he ascends on upon their altars their sacrifice-places and they will say and they said to the mountains to mountains cover us Cover us over and to the hills and to the hills fall Fall down! on us upon us
וְ/נִשְׁמְד֞וּ 𐤅/𐤍𐤔𐤌𐤃𐤅 venishemedu and they will be destroyed and they were annihilated HC/VNq3cp בָּמ֣וֹת 𐤁𐤌𐤅𐤕 bamot high places elevated cult sites HNcfpc אָ֗וֶן 𐤀𐤅𐤍 aven of Aven worthless wickedness HNcmsa חַטַּאת֙ 𐤇𐤈𐤀𐤕 chatat the sin sin-offense HNcfsc יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael of Israel El-Contends Yiserael HNp ק֣וֹץ 𐤒𐤅𐤑 qots thorns thorn HNcmsa וְ/דַרְדַּ֔ר 𐤅/𐤃𐤓𐤃𐤓 vedaredar and thistles thorn-bush HC/Ncmsa יַעֲלֶ֖ה 𐤉𐤏𐤋𐤄 yaaleh will grow up he ascends HVqi3ms עַל 𐤏𐤋 al on upon HR מִזְבְּחוֹתָ֑/ם 𐤌𐤆𐤁𐤇𐤅𐤕/𐤌 mizebechotam their altars their sacrifice-places HNcmpc/Sp3mp וְ/אָמְר֤וּ 𐤅/𐤀𐤌𐤓𐤅 veameru and they will say and they said HC/Vqq3cp לֶֽ/הָרִים֙ 𐤋/𐤄𐤓𐤉𐤌 leharim to the mountains to mountains HRd/Ncmpa כַּסּ֔וּ/נוּ 𐤊𐤎𐤅/𐤍𐤅 kasunu cover us Cover us over HVpv2mp/Sp1cp וְ/לַ/גְּבָע֖וֹת 𐤅/𐤋/𐤂𐤁𐤏𐤅𐤕 velagevaot and to the hills and to the hills HC/Rd/Ncfpa נִפְל֥וּ 𐤍𐤐𐤋𐤅 nifelu fall Fall down! HVqv2mp עָלֵֽי/נוּ 𐤏𐤋𐤉/𐤍𐤅 aleynu on us upon us HR/Sp1cp
Verse 11
And Ephraim and Double-Fruitfulness and Eferayim a heifer young heifer trained trained one she loves loving one of to thresh to thresh and-I and I passed over I crossed over upon upon fair goodness of her neck her nape I will harness I will cause to ride Ephraim Double Fruitfulness Eferayim will plow he will cut/engrave Judah Yah Is Praised Yehudah will harrow he will ravage for himself — Jacob Heel-Grasper Yaaqov
וְ/אֶפְרַ֜יִם 𐤅/𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌 veeferayim And Ephraim and Double-Fruitfulness and Eferayim HC/Np עֶגְלָ֤ה 𐤏𐤂𐤋𐤄 egelah a heifer young heifer HNcfsa מְלֻמָּדָה֙ 𐤌𐤋𐤌𐤃𐤄 melumadah trained trained one HVPsfsa אֹהַ֣בְתִּי 𐤀𐤄𐤁𐤕𐤉 ohaveti she loves loving one of HVqrfsc לָ/ד֔וּשׁ 𐤋/𐤃𐤅𐤔 ladush to thresh to thresh HR/Vqc וַ/אֲנִ֣י 𐤅/𐤀𐤍𐤉 vaani Ine (Bemba) and-I and I HC/Pp1cs עָבַ֔רְתִּי 𐤏𐤁𐤓𐤕𐤉 avareti passed over I crossed over HVqp1cs עַל 𐤏𐤋 al upon upon HR ט֖וּב 𐤈𐤅𐤁 tuv fair goodness of HNcmsc צַוָּארָ֑/הּ 𐤑𐤅𐤀𐤓/𐤄 tsavarah her neck her nape HNcmsc/Sp3fs אַרְכִּ֤יב 𐤀𐤓𐤊𐤉𐤁 arekiv I will harness I will cause to ride HVhi1cs אֶפְרַ֨יִם֙ 𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌 eferayim Ephraim Double Fruitfulness Eferayim HNp יַחֲר֣וֹשׁ 𐤉𐤇𐤓𐤅𐤔 yacharosh will plow he will cut/engrave HVqi3ms יְהוּדָ֔ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤃𐤄 yehudah Judah Yah Is Praised Yehudah HNp יְשַׂדֶּד 𐤉𐤔𐤃𐤃 yesaded will harrow he will ravage HVpi3ms ל֖/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo for himself HR/Sp3ms יַעֲקֹֽב 𐤉𐤏𐤒𐤁 yaaqov Jacob Heel-Grasper Yaaqov HNp
Verse 12
Sow Sow! for yourselves — righteousness for righteousness Reap Reap! according to according to the mouth of mercy covenant-loyal love Break up Plow up! for yourselves — fallow ground freshly plowed ground for it is time and definite-object marker to seek to seek diligently object-marker the LORD Yahweh Yahweh until up to he comes he comes and teach and he will direct righteousness righteousness on you —
זִרְע֨וּ 𐤆𐤓𐤏𐤅 zireu Sow Sow! HVqv2mp לָ/כֶ֤ם 𐤋/𐤊𐤌 lakhem for yourselves HR/Sp2mp לִ/צְדָקָה֙ 𐤋/𐤑𐤃𐤒𐤄 litsedaqah righteousness for righteousness HR/Ncfsa קִצְר֣וּ 𐤒𐤑𐤓𐤅 qitseru Reap Reap! HVqv2mp לְ/פִי 𐤋/𐤐𐤉 lefi according to according to the mouth of HR/Ncmsc חֶ֔סֶד 𐤇𐤎𐤃 chesed mercy covenant-loyal love HNcmsa נִ֥ירוּ 𐤍𐤉𐤓𐤅 niru Break up Plow up! HVqv2mp לָ/כֶ֖ם 𐤋/𐤊𐤌 lakhem-2 for yourselves HR/Sp2mp נִ֑יר 𐤍𐤉𐤓 nir fallow ground freshly plowed ground HNcmsa וְ/עֵת֙ 𐤅/𐤏𐤕 veet for it is time and definite-object marker HC/Ncbsa לִ/דְר֣וֹשׁ 𐤋/𐤃𐤓𐤅𐤔 liderosh to seek to seek diligently HR/Vqc אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et object-marker HTo יְהוָ֔ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) the LORD Yahweh Yahweh HNp עַד 𐤏𐤃 ad until up to HR יָב֕וֹא 𐤉𐤁𐤅𐤀 yavo he comes he comes HVqi3ms וְ/יֹרֶ֥ה 𐤅/𐤉𐤓𐤄 veyoreh and teach and he will direct HC/Vhi3ms צֶ֖דֶק 𐤑𐤃𐤒 tsedeq righteousness righteousness HNcmsa לָ/כֶֽם 𐤋/𐤊𐤌 lakhem-3 on you HR/Sp2mp
Verse 14
and shall arise and he rose up tumult roaring tumult among your people among your people and all and whole of your fortresses your fortified strongholds shall be destroyed he will be laid waste like destruction like devastation Shalman Shalman Shaleman house of house of Beyt Arebel Arbel House of Arbel Beyt Arebel in day of in the day of battle armed conflict mother mother of upon upon children sons was dashed in pieces was violently shattered
וְ/קָ֣אם 𐤅/𐤒𐤀𐤌 veqam and shall arise and he rose up HC/Vqq3ms שָׁאוֹן֮ 𐤔𐤀𐤅𐤍 shaon tumult roaring tumult HNcmsa בְּ/עַמֶּ/ךָ֒ 𐤁/𐤏𐤌/𐤊 beamekha among your people among your people HR/Ncmsc/Sp2ms וְ/כָל 𐤅/𐤊𐤋 vekhal and all and whole of HC/Ncmsc מִבְצָרֶ֣י/ךָ 𐤌𐤁𐤑𐤓𐤉/𐤊 mivetsareykha your fortresses your fortified strongholds HNcmpc/Sp2ms יוּשַּׁ֔ד 𐤉𐤅𐤔𐤃 yushad shall be destroyed he will be laid waste HVQi3ms כְּ/שֹׁ֧ד 𐤊/𐤔𐤃 keshod like destruction like devastation HR/Ncmsc שַֽׁלְמַ֛ן 𐤔𐤋𐤌𐤍 shaleman Shalman Shalman Shaleman HNp בֵּ֥ית 𐤁𐤉𐤕 beyt house of house of Beyt Arebel HNp אַֽרְבֵ֖אל 𐤀𐤓𐤁𐤀𐤋 arevel Arbel House of Arbel Beyt Arebel HNp בְּ/י֣וֹם 𐤁/𐤉𐤅𐤌 beyom in day of in the day of HR/Ncmsc מִלְחָמָ֑ה 𐤌𐤋𐤇𐤌𐤄 milechamah battle armed conflict HNcfsa אֵ֥ם 𐤀𐤌 em mother mother of HNcfsa עַל 𐤏𐤋 al upon upon HR בָּנִ֖ים 𐤁𐤍𐤉𐤌 banim Bene (Bemba) children sons HNcmpa רֻטָּֽשָׁה 𐤓𐤈𐤔𐤄 rutashah was dashed in pieces was violently shattered HVPp3fs
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