נְוָל֥וּ
𐤍𐤅𐤋𐤅
nᵉvâlûw
dunghill
A place where refuse, excrement, or waste is dumped; a refuse heap, dung pile, or garbage dump. In Aramaic usage within the Hebrew Bible, it denotes the physical site where filth, refuse, or dung was disposed of, usually outside the city or communal area. Occasionally used figuratively to indicate the utmost abjectness, disgrace, or place of extreme degradation.
Ezra 6:11 · Word #19
Lexicon H5122
| Lemma | נְוָלוּ |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤍𐤅𐤋𐤅 |
| Transliteration | nᵉvâlûw |
| Strong's | H5122 |
| Definition | A place where refuse, excrement, or waste is dumped; a refuse heap, dung pile, or garbage dump. In Aramaic usage within the Hebrew Bible, it denotes the physical site where filth, refuse, or dung was disposed of, usually outside the city or communal area. Occasionally used figuratively to indicate the utmost abjectness, disgrace, or place of extreme degradation. |
Morphology ANcfsa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | f — Feminine — Feminine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
Common Translation
| Phrase | dunghill |
SIBI-P1 Translation H5122-02
refuse heap
| Morphological Notes | Aramaic common noun, feminine singular, absolute state. |
| Rendering Rationale | "Refuse heap" directly reflects the noun’s denotation as a physical place where filth and waste are discarded, preserving the core sense of foulness and pollution inherent in the probable root. The singular feminine absolute form is represented as a single concrete location. |
View full lexicon entry for H5122 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
a dunghill
| Same as P1 | No — adjusted for context |
| Rationale | 'a dunghill' matches the common usage and judicial threat in context. 'refuse heap' is less precise in this idiom. |