אֹ֤דֶם
𐤀𐤃𐤌
ʼôdem
a sardius
A precious stone of deep red color, most likely referring to a red gem such as a ruby, garnet, or carnelian. In the Hebrew Bible, 'odem' is used specifically as the name of the first stone set in the breastpiece (ḥoshen) of the high priest, representing one of the Israelite tribes. The term emphasizes the stone's striking red color rather than specifying a precise mineralogical identification, as the ancient terminology did not always correspond to modern gemological categories.
Exodus 39:10 · Word #7
Lexicon H124
| Lemma | אֹדֶם |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤀𐤃𐤌 |
| Transliteration | ʼôdem |
| Strong's | H124 |
| Definition | A precious stone of deep red color, most likely referring to a red gem such as a ruby, garnet, or carnelian. In the Hebrew Bible, 'odem' is used specifically as the name of the first stone set in the breastpiece (ḥoshen) of the high priest, representing one of the Israelite tribes. The term emphasizes the stone's striking red color rather than specifying a precise mineralogical identification, as the ancient terminology did not always correspond to modern gemological categories. |
Morphology HNcmsa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
Common Translation
| Phrase | a sardius |
SIBI-P1 Translation H124-01
red gemstone
| Morphological Notes | Masculine singular common noun, absolute state. |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun derives from the root אדם, emphasizing redness; thus "red gemstone" preserves the core idea of a stone characterized by deep red color rather than specifying a later mineral term. The masculine singular absolute form is reflected in the simple singular English noun phrase. |
View full lexicon entry for H124 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
red gemstone
| Same as P1 | Yes |
| Rationale | 'Red gemstone' follows the SILEX definition for 'odem' and is contextually correct as the first named stone. |