וַ/יָּ֕הָם
𐤅/𐤉𐤄𐤌
hâmam
and He threw into confusion
To bring into tumult or confusion, to agitate or disturb; to cause panic or disarray, typically in contexts of divine intervention in battles. The verb primarily conveys the idea of causing disorder, panic, or confusion among a group, often leading to defeat or destruction, but the focus is on the act of unsettling or throwing into commotion rather than directly killing or consuming.
Exodus 14:24 · Word #12
Lexicon H2000
| Lemma | הָמַם |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤄𐤌𐤌 |
| Transliteration | hâmam |
| Strong's | H2000 |
| Definition | To bring into tumult or confusion, to agitate or disturb; to cause panic or disarray, typically in contexts of divine intervention in battles. The verb primarily conveys the idea of causing disorder, panic, or confusion among a group, often leading to defeat or destruction, but the focus is on the act of unsettling or throwing into commotion rather than directly killing or consuming. |
Morphology HC/Vqw3ms
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state |
| Binyan | q — Qal — Simple active |
| Conjugation | w — Sequential Imperfect — Imperfect with waw-consecutive, narrating past events |
| Person | 3 — 3rd person — Third person ("he/she/they") |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
Common Translation
| Phrase | and He threw into confusion |
SIBI-P1 Translation H2000-06
and he caused panic
| Morphological Notes | Verb, Qal stem, sequential imperfect (wayyiqtol), 3rd person masculine singular. |
| Rendering Rationale | The Qal stem of המם carries a causative sense of bringing tumult or confusion. The sequential imperfect 3ms is rendered "and he caused panic," preserving both the root idea of induced disorder and the masculine singular subject. |
View full lexicon entry for H2000 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
and he threw into confusion
| Same as P1 | No — adjusted for context |
| Rationale | Improved from 'and he caused panic' to 'and he threw into confusion' to better match the Hebrew root meaning in divine military disruption contexts. |