בַּ/בְּשָׂמִ֔ים
𐤁/𐤁𐤔𐤌𐤉𐤌
besem
with perfumes
A fragrant substance; aromatic resin or spice, often used for its pleasing smell. Refers specifically to plant-based fragrances, including gums, balms, resins, and spices valued for their aroma. In broader contexts, can refer generically to a pleasant odor or perfume, whether naturally occurring or produced by plant extracts.
Esther 2:12 · Word #28
Lexicon H1314
| Lemma | בֶּשֶׂם |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤁𐤔𐤌 |
| Transliteration | besem |
| Strong's | H1314 |
| Definition | A fragrant substance; aromatic resin or spice, often used for its pleasing smell. Refers specifically to plant-based fragrances, including gums, balms, resins, and spices valued for their aroma. In broader contexts, can refer generically to a pleasant odor or perfume, whether naturally occurring or produced by plant extracts. |
Morphology HRd/Ncmpa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | p — Plural — Plural |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
Common Translation
| Phrase | with perfumes |
SIBI-P1 Translation H1314-01
with fragrant spices
| Morphological Notes | Preposition ב + masculine plural absolute noun (common); no construct or suffix. |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun בְּשָׂמִים is masculine plural, so "spices" preserves number, and "fragrant" reflects the root sense of emitting a sweet aroma. The prefixed בְּ is rendered as "with," maintaining the prepositional form attached to the plural noun. |
View full lexicon entry for H1314 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
with perfumes
| Same as P1 | No — adjusted for context |
| Rationale | P1 'with fragrant spices' is accurate, but 'with perfumes' is a slightly more context-appropriate rendering reflecting the beautification process. |