ἐξέστησαν
exístēmi
were astonished
To cause someone or something to move out of a normal state or position; primarily, to displace, drive out, or remove (transitive); secondarily, (intransitive, often reflexive or passive) to become astounded, amazed, or beside oneself with wonder, shock, or confusion. The verb denotes the act of causing someone to lose composure or rationality, either by overwhelming astonishment or, on occasion, by madness.
Acts 10:45 · Word #2
Lexicon G1839
| Lemma | ἐξίστημι |
| Transliteration | exístēmi |
| Strong's | G1839 |
| Definition | To cause someone or something to move out of a normal state or position; primarily, to displace, drive out, or remove (transitive); secondarily, (intransitive, often reflexive or passive) to become astounded, amazed, or beside oneself with wonder, shock, or confusion. The verb denotes the act of causing someone to lose composure or rationality, either by overwhelming astonishment or, on occasion, by madness. |
Morphology V AOR ACT IND 3P PL
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state of being |
| Tense | AOR — Aorist — Simple occurrence, often past |
| Voice | ACT — Active — The subject performs the action |
| Mood | IND — Indicative — States a fact or reality |
| Person | 3P — 3rd person — The one spoken about ("he/she/it/they") |
| Number | PL — Plural — More than one |
Common Translation
| Phrase | were astonished |
| Literal | they-stood-out |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | ἐξίστημι |
| Strong's | G1839 |
SIBI-P1 Translation G1839-04
they were beside themselves
| Morphological Notes | Verb; aorist tense (simple past), active voice, indicative mood, 3rd person plural. |
| Rendering Rationale | The aorist active indicative, third person plural, denotes a completed action in past time: they came to be out of their normal state. "Were beside themselves" preserves the root idea of being set or driven out of one’s usual composure while reflecting the plural past action. |
View full lexicon entry for G1839 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
they were astonished
| Same as P1 | No — adjusted for context |
| Rationale | In context, the sense is strong surprise or amazement; 'they were beside themselves' is literal but less clear. 'They were astonished' is supported by the lexicon meaning and context. |