הָ/ר֗וּחַ
𐤄/𐤓𐤅𐤇
rûwach
the spirit
רוּחַ (rûaḥ) most fundamentally refers to air in motion, that is, wind or breath, with extended meanings encompassing both natural and anthropomorphic senses. It denotes (1) wind—atmospheric movement; (2) breath—the vital force animating living beings; (3) by extension, spirit—as an invisible, animating quality, particularly of humans or supernatural beings; (4) disposition or state of mind—ranging from courage and will to anger or mood. Less commonly, it can refer to the direction from which the wind blows (a 'quarter' or region). The term is used both concretely (physical wind, breath) and abstractly (vital, mental, or spiritual faculties). The semantic range further covers idiomatic senses such as vanity or unsubstantiality, where something is likened to insubstantial wind.
1 Kings 22:21 · Word #2
Lexicon H7307
| Lemma | רוּחַ |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤓𐤅𐤇 |
| Transliteration | rûwach |
| Strong's | H7307 |
| Definition | רוּחַ (rûaḥ) most fundamentally refers to air in motion, that is, wind or breath, with extended meanings encompassing both natural and anthropomorphic senses. It denotes (1) wind—atmospheric movement; (2) breath—the vital force animating living beings; (3) by extension, spirit—as an invisible, animating quality, particularly of humans or supernatural beings; (4) disposition or state of mind—ranging from courage and will to anger or mood. Less commonly, it can refer to the direction from which the wind blows (a 'quarter' or region). The term is used both concretely (physical wind, breath) and abstractly (vital, mental, or spiritual faculties). The semantic range further covers idiomatic senses such as vanity or unsubstantiality, where something is likened to insubstantial wind. |
Morphology HTd/Ncbsa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | b — Both — Both (masculine and feminine) |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
Common Translation
| Phrase | the spirit |
SIBI-P1 Translation H7307-07
the wind-breath
| Morphological Notes | Noun, common, singular, absolute, with definite article; gender grammatically both (often feminine). |
| Rendering Rationale | The definite singular noun denotes moving air as the product of blowing or breathing. "Wind-breath" preserves the unified root concept of air in motion while allowing for both natural and animating senses. |
View full lexicon entry for H7307 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
the spirit
| Same as P1 | No — adjusted for context |
| Rationale | In this narrative, רוּחַ contextually refers to a spirit, not literal wind or breath. Common rendering is correct and is the standard in this context. Adjusted from P1's 'wind-breath' to 'the spirit' for proper contextual meaning. |