σκοτία
skotía
darkness
Condition of darkness, the absence or lack of physical light; by extension, a figurative state characterized by ignorance, lack of understanding, obscurity, or moral blindness. In literal contexts, refers to the condition of being dark or unilluminated; in metaphorical usages, describes situations of mental, spiritual, or ethical unenlightenment.
1 John 2:8 · Word #16
Lexicon G4653
| Lemma | σκοτία |
| Transliteration | skotía |
| Strong's | G4653 |
| Definition | Condition of darkness, the absence or lack of physical light; by extension, a figurative state characterized by ignorance, lack of understanding, obscurity, or moral blindness. In literal contexts, refers to the condition of being dark or unilluminated; in metaphorical usages, describes situations of mental, spiritual, or ethical unenlightenment. |
Morphology N NOM F SG
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Case | NOM — Nominative — The subject of the sentence |
| Gender | F — Feminine — Grammatical feminine |
| Number | SG — Singular — One |
Common Translation
| Phrase | darkness |
| Literal | darkness-nom.f.sg. |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | σκοτία |
| Strong's | G4653 |
SIBI-P1 Translation G4653-01
in darkness
| Morphological Notes | Noun, feminine, singular, dative (Gr,N,,,,,DFS) — abstract noun formed with -ία from σκοτ-, indicating a state or condition. |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun denotes the state or condition of darkness, whether physical or figurative. The dative feminine singular form is naturally expressed in English with a prepositional sense such as "in darkness," reflecting its case function while preserving the root meaning. |
View full lexicon entry for G4653 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
darkness
| Same as P1 | No — adjusted for context |
| Rationale | P1 'in darkness' is erroneous; σκοτία is the subject ('the darkness'). P2 corrects to 'darkness' as the nominative subject. |